Issue 119 – When Bonuses Meet Policy

It’s been all over the news: Wall Street bonuses will be the biggest in four years!

The Office of the New York City Comptroller has previously forecast that bonuses in the financial sector will rise by 6% this year, based on significant 2025 growth on Wall Street.

They weren’t wrong: According to Reuters, “Wall Street bonuses are expected to rise for the second year for traders and investment bankers on surging deal volume and market volatility, according to financial compensation consultancy Johnson Associates.”

Reuters continues, “The bonus pool is expected to be the highest since 2021, when deals and profits surged to a record. Equity sales and trading professionals are expected to get the biggest bonus bumps of 15% to 25%, while investment bankers in M&A advisory and equity underwriting will likely get increases of 10% to 15%.”

We all know that fat bonuses last year led to a very robust real estate market, with REALTOR.com reporting that the Hamptons’ high-end housing market had a banner year thanks to such payouts.

Sales of Hamptons’ homes for $5 million or more reached an all-time high in late 2025, according to a new report by appraiser Miller Samuel for Douglas Elliman.

“A third consecutive year of double-digit stock market returns, and record Wall Street bonuses helped fuel demand for luxury properties,” Philip V. O’Connell, managing director of brokerage Brown Harris Stevens’ Hamptons office, told Mansion Global.

The New York Post joins in on the joyful serenade, publishing an article denoting that Manhattan’s luxury market is roaring back towards 2016’s healthy peak, due to bonuses continuing to be on the upswing.

By the end of last year, the median price for a luxury home — defined as the top 10% of the market — hit $6.39 million, according to a new report from Douglas Elliman.

The New York Post further expounds, “The luxury sector also proved more resilient coming out of the downturn.”

During the early 2020 downturn, the pandemic, and remote-work uncertainty, luxury homes rebounded faster than the middle market, as wealthy investors rely less on financing and are less prone to turbulence from interest-rate volatility.

Luxury condos, in particular, outperformed in the last few years, “a shift that reflects long-term stabilization rather than sudden popularity,” according to the New York Post. 

While these blockbuster payouts are certainly good for those interested in investing in real estate, the political climate in NYC may not be. A monkey wrench may be thrown into the mix with the new mayor’s proposed tax policy.  

Though nothing is set in stone, in February, Mayor Mamdani declared there were only two ways to close the budget gap: Either tax the wealthiest New Yorkers two percentage points on those making $1 million or more per year or raise New York City property taxes on average 9.5% as a “last resort,” according to a recent New York Times article. 

“If we cannot follow this first path,” Mamdani said, “we will be forced onto a much more damaging path of last resort — one where we have to use the only tools at the city’s disposal: raising property taxes and raiding our reserves.”

“The second path is painful,” he added. “We will continue to work with Albany to avoid it.”

From a homeowner’s perspective, both proposals materially change the economics of owning in New York City — even at the $1 million price point, which is very much middle-of-the-road for the city.

The mayor is proposing raising the citywide rate across the four property tax classes — ranging from Class 1, small homes, to Class 4, including offices and hotels — to 13.45%, up from the current 12.28%.

This proposed expansion of the Mansion Tax/Transfer Tax effectively raises the cost of transacting. While it’s framed as a “luxury” measure, in practice, it hits ordinary primary residences because $1 million–$1.5 million is no longer a luxury threshold in Manhattan or Brooklyn. It discourages mobility — people stay put longer, delay selling, or think twice about upgrading — which ultimately freezes inventory and hurts the broader market.

The ongoing property- or wealth-based tax proposal is more concerning for homeowners because it’s not a one-time transaction — it’s recurring. Mortgage payments, property taxes, maintenance, and insurance are already fixed, non-negotiable costs. Adding another annual tax tied to asset value, rather than income or liquidity, puts pressure on cash flow. For many homeowners, the home isn’t a speculative asset; it’s where their savings are parked. So being taxed repeatedly on unrealized value changes affordability in a very real way.

Together, the mayor’s proposals reach far beyond ultra-high-net-worth owners. They land squarely on working professionals and long-term residents who bought responsibly, carry mortgages, and plan within fixed budgets. The practical outcome is reduced mobility, increased carrying costs, and a system that quietly discourages ownership rather than sustaining it.

The New York Times notes that such measures would likely raise housing costs, put upward pressure on rents, and increase operating expenses for landlords — affecting more than three million homes and over 100,000 commercial buildings citywide.

It remains too early to predict which proposal ultimately advances, but markets respond to incentives. Traditionally, higher bonuses translate into movement; uncertainty around policy changes alters that equation. How this balance is struck will shape not just transaction volume but also who the city ultimately remains accessible to.

Issue 123 – The NYC Pied-à-Terre Tax and its Implications on the Real Estate Market

Lately, we have been hearing the slogan “Tax the Rich” frequently. This is often espoused in reference to the newly implemented pied-à-terre tax in NYC.

It implies the rich aren’t paying taxes. The reality is quite different. Yes, there are some very wealthy people who pay far less in taxes than others earning the same or similar amounts. But New York City taxpayers pay the most local taxes in all of the U.S. The laws that need to be addressed are federal ones, not local. The loopholes touted are affecting just a select few, when in reality most high-net-worth folks are indeed paying a lot of taxes — especially New Yorkers, who pay $21 billion more to the state every year than the state spends on NYC.

The latest controversy stems from New York City’s enactment of a pied-à-terre tax—an annual surcharge on high-value homes that are not used as a primary residence. If you own a luxury second home in the city, you may now have a recurring tax exposure on top of other friction costs. The tax is also an annual recurring fee, not a one-time hit like the mansion or transfer tax, which makes it more pervasive.

According to a recent report by the NYC Comptroller, the legislation is expected to phase in from July 1, 2026, through June 30, 2028 (fiscal years 2026—2028), with the first phase focused on city “market value” thresholds. Early reporting indicates that the tax applies broadly to high-end second homes and provides different treatment for single-family homes versus co-ops and condos. For houses valued at roughly $5 million or more, the surcharge has been reported at 0.8%–1.3%. For co-ops and condos, the initial phase appears tied to Department of Finance values starting around $1 million, which can translate into a much higher market sale price.

I am seeing a lot of confusion about how this will be implemented. Essentially, people believe that any sales price over $5 million will be affected, when in fact Phase 1 will be based on land value, not the transactional equivalent sale price. For example, a property valued at $844,000 may not be captured by the pied-à-terre tax. It’s less than $1 million and nowhere near $5 million.

However, Phase 2 (for fiscal years 2028–2031, beginning July 1, 2028) becomes a much more speculative concern. Early indications suggest that the tax will be based on the more transactional side of things. It may even work on factoring a five-year average; we simply don’t know yet.

Some savvy buyers are trying to close before Phase 1 starts. Others are trying to keep their price below $5 million and then essentially work any credits as a side agreement to avoid the potential second-phase hit.

As Business Insider reported, “In its first two years, the tax will rely on Department of Finance ‘assessed values’ to determine which homes will face a new charge, while the city and state work out a new valuation system.”

Likewise, a recent CNBC segment details: “Billionaire and Citadel CEO Ken Griffin became the face of the tax after New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani posted a video in front of Griffin’s penthouse apartment announcing the tax.”

I believe the pied-à-terre tax punishes people who use our services less than full-time residents. They also pay massive transfer and mansion taxes and typically don’t use our schools — a huge portion of real estate tax revenues.

My view is that this will not destroy the New York market, but it will absolutely change behavior at the margins. Buyers are already more sensitive to carrying costs, monthly common charges, assessments, the mansion tax, financing costs, and now an additional annual second-home tax. The psychological impact may be just as important as the financial one.

The highest end of the market will feel this first. For discretionary buyers, especially those comparing NYC to Palm Beach, Miami, Aspen, London, or other global luxury markets, this becomes another line item in the decision-making process. It may not stop a true New York buyer, but it may slow them down, sharpen their negotiations, or push them toward renting instead of buying.

As a result, I expect high-end rentals to benefit. A buyer who wants a New York City presence but does not want the tax complexity may choose to rent a trophy apartment instead. That could strengthen demand for luxury rentals, especially furnished, turnkey, white-glove inventory.

For co-ops, the impact may be more nuanced. Co-ops already have a smaller buyer pool because of board scrutiny, financing restrictions, and liquidity requirements. If the tax makes second-home buyers more cautious, certain high-end co-ops may feel additional pressure, especially those with significant monthly maintenance or less flexible sublet policies. That said, as I always point out, the very best buildings with scarcity, provenance, service, and location will still hold value.

I have not yet seen a wave of people selling solely because of this tax, but I have absolutely seen buyers pause, ask sharper questions, and reconsider the total cost of ownership. The conversation has shifted from “What is the purchase price?” to “What is my all-in annual exposure?”

Other markets have tried versions of second-home or vacancy-style taxes, with mixed results. In some places, they created revenue and pushed underused housing back into circulation. In others, they caused buyers to become more cautious or redirected capital elsewhere. New York is different because it remains New York — but the city cannot assume that capital is captive.

Again, citing Business Insider, “Hochul and Mamdani estimated the tax could raise $500 million.”

So, are there any benefits? Potentially. If the revenue is used responsibly, it could support city services and housing priorities. It may also create a clearer distinction between end-user demand and purely discretionary ownership. But from a market perspective, the risk is that it adds friction at a time when the luxury buyer is already highly selective.

My advice to second-home buyers is simple: do not overreact, but underwrite carefully. Understand whether the property will be classified as a primary residence or pied-à-terre. Review the building’s carrying costs, taxes, assessments, liquidity requirements, and resale profile. Buy quality, buy scarcity, and buy something you would be comfortable owning through a softer market.

It’s important to keep all in perspective: Mayors come and go, and when you start impacting the very hands that feed you in one of the most capitalistic cities that ripple through the nation, I think we stand the test of time on how we are going to navigate this.

The New York City buyer is not disappearing. But the casual, optional buyer now has one more reason to pause — and in this market, that matters.

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